Exploring the potential of Lindernia ciliata : isolation, characterization, and pharmacological evaluation of its anti-diabetic properties

We isolated two phytoconstituents using bioassay guided isolation for anti-diabetic property from the hydroalcoholic extract of Lindernia ciliata (Colsm.) Pennell (Family: Linderniaceae). We assessed the anti-diabetic potential using various assays, including the glucose absorption assay, glucose uptake in isolated rat abdominal muscle assay, insulin secretion by RIN-5F cells assay, α-amylase inhibition activity, and DPP-4 inhibition assay. The results from our study indicated that the ethanol and water fractions obtained from the hydroalcoholic extract significantly improved glucose uptake, demonstrating promising anti-diabetic properties. Further investigation led to the isolation of two distinct compounds, LCF-1 (IUPAC name: 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one) (LCF-1) and LCF-2 (IUPAC name: 3S,10R,13R,17R)-17-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol). Consequently, our findings suggest that LCF-1 and LCF-2 are two phytoconstituent derived from the hydroalcoholic extract of L. ciliata, could serve as a potential source of anti-diabetic agents. This highlights its suitability for further development in the creation of herbal pharmaceuticals for diabetes treatment.