A 2-D based photonic crystal biosensor for efficient diagnosis of anemia and kidney failure

A two-dimensional biosensor based on photonic crystal rods is proposed and considered. The structure is consisted of 49 × 39 arrays of Si rods in the air background. Finite-difference-time-domain (FDTD) and plane wave expansion (PWE) methods are utilized for extracting photonic band gap (PBG) and field distribution spectra. Output 1 port can be considered as a sensing medium for detection of hemoglobin concentrations in blood samples with the Quality factor (Q): (110.8–118.92), Sensitivity (S): 1785nm/RIU, detection limit (DL): (6.943e-4 – 7.002e-4) RIU and Figure of merit (FOM): (142.8 – 144.01) RIU−1. Precise detection of hemoglobin concentrations can help physicians in diagnosis of anemia in early stages. Output 2 can also be utilized for diagnosis of creatinine concentrations in blood samples with the Quality factor (Q): (155 –168), Sensitivity (S): 1087nm/RIU, detection limit (DL): (8.78e-4 – 8.94e-4) RIU and Figure of merit (FOM): (112.3 – 113.9) RIU−1. The obtained results from output 2 can help physicians in diagnosis of kidney failure diseases. As stated, the presented biosensor can be considered for early diagnosis of anemia and kidney failure and can be utilized as a considerably remarkable element in bio-optical integrated circuits.