鞘氨醇
1-磷酸鞘氨醇
鞘脂
骨骼肌
细胞生物学
细胞内
第二信使系统
脂质信号
鞘氨醇激酶
受体
神经酰胺
生物
鞘氨醇-1-磷酸受体
生物化学
内分泌学
内科学
化学
细胞凋亡
医学
作者
Katarzyna Hodun,Adrian Chabowski,Marcin Baranowski
摘要
Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid found in all eukaryotic cells. Although it may function as an intracellular second messenger, most of its effects are induced extracellularly via activation of a family of five specific membrane receptors. Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate is enriched in plasma, where it is transported by high‐density lipoprotein and albumin, as well as in erythrocytes and platelets which store and release large amounts of this sphingolipid. Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate regulates a host of cellular processes such as growth, proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis suppression. It was also shown to play an important role in skeletal muscle physiology and pathophysiology. In recent years, S1P metabolism in both muscle and blood was found to be modulated by exercise. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the effect of acute exercise and training on S1P metabolism, highlighting the role of this sphingolipid in skeletal muscle adaptation to physical effort.
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