神经炎症
帕金森病
发病机制
疾病
神经科学
免疫系统
医学
失调
免疫疗法
免疫失调
LRRK2
免疫学
炎症
心理学
病理
作者
Tai Wang,Changhe Shi,Hui Luo,Huimin Zheng,Liyuan Fan,Mibo Tang,Yun Su,Jing Yang,Chengyuan Mao,Yuming Xu
标识
DOI:10.1177/1073858421991066
摘要
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease involving multiple etiologies and pathogenesis, in which neuroinflammation is a common factor. Both preclinical experiments and clinical studies provide evidence for the involvement of neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of PD, although there are a number of key issues related to neuroinflammatory processes in PD that remain to be addressed. In this review, we highlight the relationship between the common pathological mechanisms of PD and neuroinflammation, including aggregation of α-synuclein, genetic factors, mitochondrial dysfunction, and gut microbiome dysbiosis. We also describe the two positive feedback loops initiated in PD after the immune system is activated, and their role in the pathogenesis of PD. In addition, the interconnections and differences between the central and peripheral immune systems are discussed. Finally, we review the latest progress in immunotherapy research for PD patients, and propose future directions for clinical research.
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