Functionalization and Utilization of Azulene in Organometallic and Coordination Chemistry

Azulenes are an isomer of naphthalene, characterized by fused five- and seven-membered ring systems. They are known for their deep blue color and are found in various products and synthetic materials. Its optical, electrical, and biological properties are different from those of the isoelectronic isomer naphthalene due to its special structural arrangement. Thus far, azulenes and their equivalents have found widespread usage in fields like medicines, organic electronic materials, and fluorescence switching. Azulenes, with their unique aromatic properties, have found applications in organometallic chemistry. They serve as ligands for transition metal complexes, contributing to various catalytic reactions and material synthesis. Their π-electron system allows for interesting coordination chemistry. They can coordinate transition metal centers, forming stable complexes with various geometries and coordination modes. Their unique electronic properties and tunable π-system allow for tailored interactions with metal ions, offering opportunities for designing novel coordination complexes with specific properties and applications.