Interfacial nano-engineering of MXene-integrated carbon fiber composites for safer type V hydrogen tanks

values of 0.9617 and 0.84 for tensile strength and stiffness, respectively. MXene-incorporated UD composites highlighted their capability to avoid early leakage and achieved an equilibrium diffusion state under pressurized loading, suggesting their potential to carry load and serve as hydrogen barrier materials, an essential requirement for linerless Type V hydrogen storage pressure vessels.