TREATMENT OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY WASTEWATER: PROBLEMS AND MODERN SOLUTIONS

This paper analyzes the composition of wastewater generated by the textile industry, its environmental hazards, and the scientific basis of effective treatment technologies. During the research, the main pollutants of textile effluents — synthetic des, heavy metals, organic substances, and other chemical compounds — were identified and their adverse impacts on ecosystems were assessed. Chemical and biological parameters, including pH, BOD₅, dissolved oxygen, and heavy metal concentrations, were measured under laboratory conditions. The results showed that aeration, flotation, and physico-chemical neutralization are among the most effective methods for wastewater purification. Furthermore, the application of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), the Fenton reaction, photocatalytic degradation, adsorption, and membrane technologies was found to provide deep purification of textile wastewater. Based on the obtained results, practical recommendations were developed to ensure environmental safety, enhance water reuse potential, and reduce industrial waste. The findings serve as a scientific foundation for implementing eco-friendly, economically efficient, and internationally compliant wastewater treatment systems in the textile industry.