AIM: To observe the effect of TNF-α on the apoptosis of A549 cells. METHODS: A549 cells were cultured and incubated with TNF-α (10, 100 U·ml -1 ). Western blot was used to observe the change of P53 protein, and the cell apoptosis was observed by the Annexin V/PI staining. RESULTS: The expression of P53 protein and the number of apoptotic cells increased significantly after treatment with TNF-α as compared with the control group (P 0.01 ). The apoptosis rate of A549 cells was 1.22 ± 0.62 and 1.65 ± 0.38 in the TNF-α group with different dose respectively (P 0.01 ). CONCLUSIONS: TNF-α can induce the apoptosis of A549 cells and maybe provide the new idea for the therapy of lung cancer.