碳纳米管
材料科学
富勒烯
杂质
激光烧蚀
石墨
纳米技术
化学气相沉积
电弧
化学工程
碳纤维
碳化
无定形碳
纳米晶材料
有机化学
激光器
无定形固体
扫描电子显微镜
化学
电极
复合材料
物理
物理化学
工程类
复合数
光学
作者
Tae‐Jin Park,Sarbajit Banerjee,Tirandai Hemraj‐Benny,Stanislaus S. Wong
摘要
Traditionally, SWNTs have been prepared by electric arc-discharge, laser ablation, or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods, yielding tubes of various diameter and length distributions. However, without exception, as-prepared SWNTs are contaminated with a number of impurities, decreasing the overall yield of usable material. Impurities include transition metal catalysts, such as Fe, Co, and Ni, which are necessary for the growth of SWNTs as well as carbonaceous species such as amorphous carbon, fullerenes, multishell carbon nanocapsules, and nanocrystalline graphite. In this Feature Article, we highlight the role of microscopy in designing and facilitating the interpretation of the success of strategies, including (a) oxidative methods including liquid and gas phase oxidation, (b) chemical functionalization protocols, (c) filtration and chromatography techniques, and (d) microwave heating methods, aimed at rationally purifying single-walled carbon nanotubes.
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