Physicochemical perspective on “polydopamine” and “poly(catecholamine)” films for their applications in biomaterial coatings (Review)

Bioinspired poly(catecholamine) based coatings, mostly "polydopamine," were conceived based on the chemistry used by mussels to adhere strongly to the surface of stones and wood in water and to remain attached to their substrates even under conditions of strong shear stresses. These kinds of films can in turn be easily modified with a plethora of molecules and inorganic (nano)materials. This review shows that poly(catecholamine) based coatings are an ideal film forming method for applications in the field of biomaterials. It is written from a physicochemical and a materials science perspective and discusses optical, chemical, electrochemical, and mechanical properties of polydopamine films. It further demonstrates that a better understanding of the polydopamine film deposition mechanism is warranted to improve the properties of these coatings even further.