Restorative mowing on an abandoned semi‐natural meadow: short‐term and predicted long‐term effects

放牧 垃圾箱 农学 生态演替 丰度(生态学) 植被(病理学) 生物 生长季节 植物覆盖 植物群落 福布 环境科学 生态学 草原 物种丰富度 医学 病理
作者
Ari‐Pekka Huhta,Pasi Rautio,Juha Tuomi,Kari Laine
出处
期刊:Journal of Vegetation Science [Wiley]
卷期号:12 (5): 677-686 被引量:81
标识
DOI:10.2307/3236908
摘要

Abstract. When management, in the form of cattle grazing and mowing, ceases the abundance of competitively superior plant species tends to increase in abandoned semi‐natural meadows. Litter accumulation elevates the soil nutrient levels and hinders seedling recruitment. We surveyed changes in plant cover and species composition of a formerly grazed meadow in permanent plots for six years. Some plots were unmown, while others were mown and raked annually in August. The cover of grasses decreased and herb cover remained unchanged regardless of the treatment. Mowing and raking significantly reduced litter accumulation and increased the number of ground layer species. The expected long‐term effects of abandonment and restorative mowing were studied by calculating the transition probabilities for unmown and mown plots and simulating the course of succession as projected by the transition matrices. During a simulation period of 30 yr, abandonment led to (1) a decrease in the cover of small herbs, (2) a slight increase in the cover of tall herbs and (3) a slight decrease in the cover of grasses. In contrast, the cover of small herbs on the mown plots remained unchanged or slightly increased during the course of simulation. These results suggest that mowing late in the season is primarily a management tool for the maintenance of the existing species diversity and composition. However, it may not be an effective restorative tool to induce overall changes in the resident vegetation of abandoned grass‐dominated meadows. Grazing or mowing early in the season may be more effective in this respect. Consequently, mowing early or, alternatively, late in the season may provide management strategies for the maintenance and restoration of species diversity, respectively.
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