Machine learning is one of the fastest growing areas of computer science, with far-reaching applications. The term machine learning refers to the automated detection of meaningful patterns in data. Machine Learning is the sub-field of Artificial Intelligence. It helps to build automated systems that can learn by themselves. Then, the system enhances their performance by learning from experience without any human intervention. This helps the machines make data-directed choices. Whatever the machines learn from past experience using the available data, the machines use it to make predictions. There are tens of thousands of machine learning algorithms and hundreds of new algorithms are developed every year But in spite of these, we are still at an infant state in the field of Machine Learning. We have to focus on lot of advancements to achieve in this field In this paper we have tried to focus on explaining the fundamental concept on Machine Learning, Learning Techniques, some of the popular Machine Learning algorithms and applications.