小胶质细胞
生物
免疫系统
神经炎症
细胞生物学
神经科学
作者
Clémentine Wallet,Marco De Rovere,Jeanne Van Assche,Fadoua Daouad,Stéphane De Wit,Virginie Gautier,Patrick W. G. Mallon,Alessandro Marcello,Carine Van Lint,Olivier Rohr,Christian Schwartz
标识
DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00362
摘要
Despite efficient combination of the antiretroviral therapy (cART), which significantly decreased mortality and morbidity of HIV-1 infection, a definitive HIV cure has not been achieved. Hidden HIV-1 in cellular and anatomic reservoirs is the major hurdle toward a functional cure. Microglial cells, the Central Nervous system (CNS) resident macrophages, are one of the major cellular reservoirs of latent HIV-1. These cells are believed to be involved in the emergence of drugs resistance and reseeding peripheral tissues. Moreover, these long-life reservoirs are also involved in the development of HIV-1-associated neurocognitive diseases (HAND). Clearing these infected cells from the brain is therefore crucial to achieve a cure. However, many characteristics of microglial cells and the CNS hinder the eradication of these brain reservoirs. Better understandings of the specific molecular mechanisms of HIV-1 latency in microglial cells should help to design new molecules and new strategies preventing HAND and achieving HIV cure. Moreover, new strategies are needed to circumvent the limitations associated to anatomical sanctuaries with barriers such as the blood brain barrier (BBB) that reduce the access of drugs.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI