Effect of Highly Porous Bioceramics Based on ZrO2–Y2O3–CeO2 System on the Biological Tissues of Experimental Animals

By reverse codeposition of hydroxides, highly dispersed powder (the average size of 8–10 nm) of the composition (ZrO2)0.92(Y2О3)0.03(СеО2)0.05 is synthesized; on the basis of it, with use of a comprehensive a blowing agent and mechanical activation, a highly porous ceramic (average grain size of 60–65 nm) is obtained. The synthesized ceramic material—an implant with an open porosity of 55% and a pore size of 40–800 nm—was placed in the body of laboratory animals. The reaction of biological tissues of experimental animals to the introduction of plates made of composite highly porous materials based on t-ZrO2 15 months after their implantation was studied. It is revealed that enhanced revascularization is registered in capsules, and perfusion of tissues is registered in the intact zone of ceramic introduction. The possibility of germination of vessels in soft tissues into the available pore space of the ceramic is shown. The results obtained in vivo suggest that porous bioceramics based on t-ZrO2 can be used in the production of endoprostheses and implants in such areas of medicine as orthopedics and traumatology.