肿瘤微环境
封锁
黑色素瘤
癌症研究
细胞毒性T细胞
免疫疗法
癌症免疫疗法
CD8型
细胞因子
T细胞
免疫检查点
阻断抗体
免疫学
医学
抗体
免疫系统
受体
生物
内科学
体外
生物化学
作者
Nicolas Gestermann,Damien Saugy,Christophe Martignier,Laure Tillé,Silvia A. Fuertes Marraco,Markus Zettl,Iñigo Tirapu,Daniel E. Speiser,Grégory Verdeil
出处
期刊:OncoImmunology
[Informa]
日期:2020-01-01
卷期号:9 (1)
被引量:34
标识
DOI:10.1080/2162402x.2020.1736792
摘要
Despite the success of immunotherapy using checkpoint blockade, many patients with solid tumors remain refractory to these treatments. In human cancer, the experimental options to investigate the specific effects of antibodies blocking inhibitory receptors are limited and it is still unclear which cell types are involved. We addressed the question whether the direct interaction between T cells and tumor cells can be enforced through blocking a set of inhibitory receptors including PD-1, TIM-3, BTLA and LAG-3, blocked either individually or in dual combinations with the anti-PD-1 antibody, and to determine the condition that induces maximal T cell function preventing tumor cell proliferation. Using short-term Melan-A-specific or autologous re-stimulations, checkpoint blockade did not consistently increase cytokine production by tumor-derived expanded T cells. We next set up a 5-day co-culture assay with autologous melanoma cell lines and expanded tumor infiltrating T cells, originating from tumor specimens obtained from 6 different patients. Amongst all combos tested, we observed that blockade of LAG-3 alone, and more strongly when combined with PD-1 blockade, enforced T cell responses and tumor cell growth control. The combination of anti-LAG-3 plus anti-PD-1 acted through CD8 T cells and led to increased IFNγ production and cytotoxic capacity. Our results show that LAG-3 and PD-1 are regulating the direct interaction between tumor cells and autologous T cells, suggesting that therapy effects may be promoted by enhanced access of the corresponding blocking reagents to the tumor microenvironment.
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