Risk of acute kidney injury in patients with HIV receiving proton pump inhibitors

Aims/patients & methods: To evaluate the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with HIV receiving proton pump inhibitors (PPI) a cohort study was conducted utilizing the Veterans Affairs Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI) database. Patients were followed from the index date until the earliest date of AKI, 120 days or end of study period, or death. Statistical analyses utilized a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: A total of 21,643 patients (6000 PPI and 15,643 non-PPI) met all study criteria. The PPI cohort had twice the risk of AKI compared with controls (2.12, hazard ratio: 1.46–3.1). Conclusion: A nationwide cohort study supported the relationship of an increased risk of AKI in patients receiving PPIs.