Role of nervous system in cancer aetiopathogenesis

There have been several reports on tumour tissue innervation, the effect of neurotransmitters on tumour growth, the development of metastases, and the effect of altered nervous-system activity on tumour cell proliferation. In this personal view, we summarise recent findings related to the interactions between the nervous system and tumour cells and suggest further research into the role of the nervous system in the aetiopathogenesis of cancer. Data showing the transmission of signals between the brain and tumour tissue create a complex view of the nervous system in the aetiopathogenesis of cancer. This neurobiological view of cancer aetiopathogenesis suggests that humoral and nervous pathways convey signals from tumour cells to the brain, and that the brain might consequently modulate the neuroendocrine-immune system to regulate tumour growth in peripheral tissues.