Epigenetic Reprogramming of Adult Mammalian Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) - An Emerging Paradigm

The field of stem-cell biology has been catapulted forward by the startling development of reprogramming technology. The ability to restore pluripotency to somatic cells through the ectopic co-expression of reprogramming factors has created powerful new opportunities for modelling human diseases and offers hope for personalized regenerative cell therapies. Worldwide increases in life expectancy have been paralleled by a greater prevalence of chronic and age-associated disorders, particularly of the cardiovascular, neural and metabolic systems. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are an emerging paradigm that may address this. Reprogrammed somatic cells from patients are already applied in disease modelling, drug testing and drug discovery, thus enabling researchers to undertake studies for treating diseases ‘in a dish’, which was previously inconceivable. Although there are currently several strategies to deliver reprogramming factors to induce iPSCs. In this study we have focus is on utilize plasmid vector to reprogramm because of convenience, reasonable efficiency and zero genes fingerprints and xeno free production of iPSCs. This virus-free technique reduces the safety concern for iPScell generation and application, and provides a source of cells for the investigation of the mechanisms underlying reprogramming and pluripotency.