Biomarkers of brain damage and inflammation in patients with acute cerebral ischemia

OBJECTIVE: To study the pathogenetic and clinical significance of factors of hypoxic brain damage and inflammatory mediators in the development of stroke, to improve the diagnosis using laboratory markers of brain damage and inflammation in patients with acute cerebrovascular accident. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 55 people with stroke of the ischemic type at the age of 74 (67; 80) years, the comparison group consisted of 25 volunteers at the age of 65.0 (62.0; 66.5) years. Depending on the outcome of ischemic stroke, patients were assigned to the discharged group or to the deceased group. Blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) S100b protein, glial fibrillar acidic protein and interleukin-6 (IL-6); blood serum neurospecific enolase, and cortisol and C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined. Clinical blood test and assessment of fibrinogen content were performed on days 1, 3 and 10 of stroke. RESULTS: There is an increase in the levels of markers of brain tissue damage and systemic inflammation in the blood and CSF in response to cerebral ischemia that reflects the synergy of these pathological processes in patients with stroke, their association with the severity of stroke and its outcome. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the postischemic release of neurospecific proteins, an increase in the content of IL-6, CRP, and cortisol make it possible to additionally characterize the severity of stroke and the body's response to damage, and predict the outcome of the disease.