A Review on Approaches in Arabic Chatbot for Open and Closed Domain Dialog

A Chatbot is a computer program which facilitates human-to-human communication between an artificial agent and humans. The Arabic language unlike the other languages has been used in Natural Language Processing in relatively fewer works owing to the lack of corpus along with the complexity of the language which has a number of dialects extending across various countries across the world. In the current scenario, little research has been conducted in the case of Arabic chatbots. This study presents a review about the existing literature on Arabic chatbot studies to determine knowledge gaps and suggests areas that require additional study and research. Additionally, this research observes that all relevant research relies on pattern matching or AIML techniques. The searching process was conducted utilizing keywords like ‘utterance’ ‘chatbot’, ‘ArabChat’, ‘chat agent’, ‘dialogue’, ‘interactive agent’, ‘chatterbot’, ‘conversational robot’, ‘artificial conversational’, and ‘conversational agent’. Further the study deals with the existing studies and the various approaches in Open and Closed domain dialog system and their working in the case of Arabic Chatbots. The study identified a severe lack of studies on Arabic chatbots, and it was observed that the majority of those studies were retrieval-based or rule-based.