Two new compounds armochaetoglosin A1 (1) and armochaetoglosin A2 (2), together with three known compounds (3–5), were isolated from Chaetomium sp. Strain. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic methods, including extensive NMR and MS spectra. Compound 5 showed potential inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase with the IC50 value of 38.81 ± 8.08 µM. Molecular docking studies confirmed our result on compound 5 α-glucosidase inhibitory properties.