Photofunctional cyclophane host–guest systems

guests or heavy-atom free charge transfer complexes, for triplet harvesting under ambient conditions and demonstrate the role of supramolecular nanoenvironments in stabilizing triplet excitons in aerated solutions. Additionally, we showcase examples for triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) upconversion in defined cyclophane complexes in aqueous solutions and the application of host-guest chemistry in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).