Crafting 3D Hierarchical NiO@MXene Derived TiO 2 /Graphene Heterostructured Electrode for Ultrasensitive Paraquat and Heavy Metal Detection

with detection limits as 0.0036, 0.0018, 0.0043, and 0.0027 µm, respectively, in the 0.1-2 µm range using 0.1 m acetate buffer solution. The synergistic material combination with their complimentary physicochemical properties of NMG significantly enhance the electrochemical performance, making NMG as an effective electrode for sensitive and selective detection of PQ and heavy metals.