Euphothymifols a and B, novel bioactive bicyclic jatrophane-type diterpenoids from euphorbia thymifolia L

Two new 5/12 bicyclic jatrophane-type diterpenoids, euphothymifols A and B (1-2), were obtained from Euphorbia thymifolia L. Their structures were defined by their spectroscopic data and GIAO NMR calculations as well as their biosynthetic pathway. Euphothymifols A (1) and B (2) exhibited inhibitory activities against nitric oxide (NO) production with IC50 values of 43.5 ± 1.54 μM (1) and 56.2 ± 1.67 μM (2) in LPS-induced BV-2 microglia cells.