An Overview of Active Electrode Materials for the Efficient High-Performance Supercapacitor Application

Recent energy research focuses on the efficiency enhancement of supercapacitor devices for multipurpose applications. Several materials have been used as electrode materials to achieve the maximum specific capacitance. The present review article concludes with three different types of materials recently used to enhance the efficiency of supercapacitors. The first type involves carbon-based materials for storage and supercapacitor applications. The carbon materials could be obtained naturally and synthesized manually based on need. The additional advantage of carbon material is these materials can be obtained from natural sources. The second type discusses the recent advances in metal oxide materials for high-performance supercapacitors. The metal oxide materials are involved in different types of attachment through the bi-tri metallic bonding, which enhances the specific capacitance. The third type involves recently advanced materials for high energy and power density application. The power and energy density of the materials is enhanced by the surface modification of the materials. In recent days, the MXene and nanocomposite materials seem to be an appropriate material to increase the power and energy density of the device. The modification and surface treatment of respective materials could enhance the specific capacitance of the material.