Geopolymer concrete for clean and sustainable construction – A state-of-the-art review on the mix design approaches

This review paper attempt to offer a state-of-the-art review on the mix design approaches of geopolymer concrete (GPC). No mix design standards have been published yet for GPC. Three types of mix proportioning approaches for GPC are extracted from earlier research: target strength approach, performance-based approach, and statistical approaches. The contrasts, benefits, and flaws of the aforementioned techniques are addressed. Further, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of GPC with varying mix design parameters have been reviewed to assess the environmental benefits. Literature review revealed a scarcity of studies in the area of mix design of GPC, hence more experimental and analytical investigations are needed. This review study will be helpful to researchers in establishing the standards/guidelines for mix proportioning of GPC.