Processing, microstructure, properties, and applications of MoSi2-containing composites: a review

Intermetallic molybdenum disilicide (MoSi 2 ) possesses unique physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties that make it compatible with some ceramics (SiC, Al 2 O 3 ) and metals (Cu, Al) to manufacture composite materials. Its current applications, chiefly limited to heating elements, can be expanded if its properties are judiciously combined with those of other materials like SiC or Al to produce ceramic- and metal-matrix composites with improved mechanical, thermal, functional, or even multifunctional properties. This review presents a perspective on the feasibility of manufacturing ceramic- and metallic-based MoSi 2 composite materials. A comprehensive discussion of the pros and cons of current liquid-state and solid-state processing routes for MoSi 2 metal-matrix composites and the resulting typical microstructures is presented. Although MoSi 2 has been studied for more than five decades, it was not until recently that industrial applications demanding high temperature and corrosion resistance started utilizing MoSi 2 as a bulk material and a coating. Furthermore, beyond its traditional use due to its thermal properties, the most recent applications include it as a contact material in microelectronic components or circuits and optoelectronics. The short-term global growth predicted for the MoSi 2 heating elements market is expected to significantly impact possible new applications, considering its potential for reuse and recyclability. A prospective assessment of the application of recycled MoSi 2 to composite materials is presented.