Bifunctional and efficient self-supporting electrode of P-NiMoO4/NF for glucose detection and glucose-assisted water electrolysis

The accurate detection of glucose and the utilization of glucose-assisted water electrolysis for hydrogen production systems have significant potential for development and practical applications. For example, the rapid and precise detection of glucose levels in human blood, food, and industrial or agricultural wastewater, as well as the replacement of the anodic oxygen evolution reaction with the glucose oxidation reaction in wastewater electrolysis, can greatly lower electrode potential and reduce energy consumption. To this end, we synthesized a self-supporting electrode by depositing P-doped NiMoO 4 (β) onto Ni foam (NF) to form P-NiMoO 4 /NF. The doping of P stabilizes the NiMoO 4 (β) structure, enhances the electronic states of active Ni near the Fermi level ( E F ), and increases the number of oxygen vacancies, thereby improving glucose sensing by lowering the oxidation potential and enhancing sensitivity. Furthermore, the high recovery rates achieved in the sensing detection of wastewater (90 %) and glucose drink (94 %), coupled with the low 1.45 V voltage during glucose-assisted water electrolysis at a current density of 50 mA cm −2 with 50 h, demonstrate its excellent electrocatalytic activity and practical application. Design and preparation of bifunctional and efficient P-NiMoO 4 /NF self-supporting electrode for glucose electrochemical sensing detection and glucose-assisted water electrolysis to produce green hydrogen. • Bifunctional and efficient self-supporting electrode for glucose detection and glucose-assisted water electrolysis. • Directly utilizing GOR in wastewater instead of OER for H 2 production will reduce potential and save energy consumption. • P-doped NiMoO 4 on NF could stabilize NiMoO 4 structure, enhances the active Ni electronic states near the Fermi-level. • P-NiMoO 4 /NF required 1.45 V to maintain a current density of 50 mA cm −2 for 50 h during glucose-assisted water electrolysis. • P-NiMoO 4 /NF performed high recoveries in the sensing detection of wastewater (90 %) and glucose drink (94 %).