Predictive value of blood urea nitrogen in heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: The mortality rate of patients with heart failure (HF) remains high, and when heart failure occurs, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is involved in the perfusion of renal blood flow. Some studies have shown an association between heart failure prognosis and blood urea nitrogen, but the results of some other studies were inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to investigate the value of BUN on the prognosis of patients with heart failure. Methods: A computerized systematic search of all English literature was performed in four databases, PubMed, Cochrane, Embase and Web of Science, from their inception to May 2022. The data of BUN were classified into continuous and categorical variables after passing the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The BUN data of both types were extracted separately into stata15.0 for statistical analysis. Results: < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed statistical significance in retrospective cohort, American and Asian. Conclusion: High BUN is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in heart failure. Lower BUN was associated with better prognosis in patients with heart failure.