Structure Size Optimization and Magnetic Circuit Design of Permanent Magnet Levitation System Based on Halbach Array

To utilize the load-bearing potential of permanent magnetic levitation (PML) structures and improve the levitation efficiency of rare-earth permanent magnetic materials, firstly, the number of magnetic blocks per unit wavelength and the correction factor of magnetic induction strength are introduced to establish an analytical model of vertical levitation force for the PML system based on Halbach arrays, which can effectively make up for the lack of precision caused by the production and installation of permanent magnetic arrays. Secondly, a method to optimize the dimensional parameters of the magnetic track structure combining quantitative analysis and multi-parameter optimization is proposed. Thirdly, a new permanent magnetic levitation structure with high levitation efficiency is designed. The experimental results show that the maximum error between the analytical model and the finite element calculation results is about 5.50% and the minimum error is 0%. The proposed magnetic circuit optimization structure improves the levitation efficiency by 4.60% and the ratio of levitation force to lateral deflection force by 2.48% compared with the “red track”. This study provides good reference for the design of permanent magnet magnetic levitation systems.