Grassland rodent infestation is an important factor affecting the ecological balance of grassland. The identification and location of grassland rat hole can provide scientific reference for the monitoring, prediction and control of rat damage. Therefore, how to quickly and accurately identify grassland rat holes is a problem we need to solve. Moreover, it is imperative to seek new monitoring methods for the control of grassland rodents, which is related to the development of animal husbandry and the coordinated development of grassland ecosystem security, construction and utilization. The paper collates the research results on grassland mouse hole identification and localization at home and abroad in recent years, outlines the principles, advantages and disadvantages, analyzes and evaluates typical methods, and finally summarizes and outlooks future research directions in the field of mouse hole identification.