Type I IFN system in the development and manifestations of SLE

Significant progress has been made in defining both TLR as well as non-TLR mediated stimulation of IFN-I. This has helped elucidate the mechanisms of several mutations and common genetic variations in predisposing to SLE. Challenges remain in the establishing the utility of biomarkers and the role of IFN-I blockade in the clinical management of patients with this disease.