The development trend of nanofiber using the eletrospinning process and nanofiber manufacturing technology and application,as well as morphology,internal structure and properties of nanofiber and water filtration technology using the high-performance nanofiber were summarized.The literature shows nanofiber is the development result of nanotechnology,and electrospinning is the nearest way to get nanofiber.The technology of nanofiber is in the stage of application development and the industrialization of nanofiber is the direction to make an effort afterward.