Mechanical and ballistic performance of ramie fiber-reinforced polymer composites: A review

Natural fiber composites (NFCs) have seen an increased innovation and research activities due to their strength, environmental impact, and low cost. NFCs are used in aerospace, construction, leisure, packing, sport, and automotive industries. One such NFC, ramie fiber-reinforced composite has gained more importance due to its high mechanical strength, stiffness, and easy availability to all other natural fibers. In this review, an insight of the research works focusing on ramie fiber, and its reinforced polymer composite has been summarized. Factors such as fiber content, surface treatment, manufacturing techniques, and coupling agents influencing the mechanical properties (tensile, flexural, and impact) have been summarized. It is evident that the surface modification of ramie fiber through chemical treatment and the addition of coupling agents directly impact the mechanical properties of the composite. Furthermore, the usage of ramie fiber composite is still inadequate due to its poor fire and moisture-resistant properties.