Analysis of knowledge services efficiency and influencing factors of public libraries in China: a mixed study based on the SBM model and dynamic QCA

Purpose The core objective of this study is to provide an in-depth quantitative assessment of the efficiency of public library knowledge services (PLKS) in China and to scrutinize the factors that have a significant impact on the efficiency of PLKS. Furthermore, this study also aims to examine the characteristics and evolving patterns of PLKS in China and to propose strategies for enhancing the quality of services provided by public libraries. The findings of this paper are expected to provide valuable references for current academic research and practice areas, guiding and promoting exploration and development in related fields. Design/methodology/approach To analyse and evaluate the operation mechanism and efficiency of PLKS, this study creatively constructs a multi-stage PLKS efficiency evaluation model and provides related indicators. Based on this process, the super-efficiency network slacks-based measure model was used to analyse the efficiency, and dynamic qualitative comparative analysis was adopted to analyse the recipes about the influencing factors of PLKS. Ultimately, through a comprehensive interpretation of the measured data and the integration of extant societal development conditions, the authors put forth relevant recommendations. Findings In the first stage, PLKS in China meets the basic requirements, but in the second stage, there is evident resource wastage. In addition, there are five recipes in PLKS of China. These five recipes reveal the configuration relationship between the factors that affect PLKS. The results show that PLKS in China are different in different regions, and the effects of the influencing factors are also different. Originality/value In this study, the authors provide an exhaustive deconstruction and interpretation of PLKS, thereby proposing a three-stage PLKS efficiency conversion process. Furthermore, the authors have identified a set of readily accessible and quantifiable indicators. It is worth emphasizing that the authors have taken a unique approach to analyse the elements affecting PLKS from the perspective of configuration, which has significantly broadened the boundaries and depth of PLKS research.