Automated microfluidic-based polyurethane/lactate oxidase-chitosan/m-phenylenediamine biosensing platform for lactate monitoring in breast cancer cell culture

The results revealed that the released extracellular lactate concentrations in the media were positively correlated with the CCK-8 (Cell Counting Kit-8) cell viability test results. Our lactate monitoring system shows significant potential as a practical tool for drug screening and for monitoring metabolic processes across various fields.