暖通空调
控制阀
能源消耗
电能消耗
汽车工程
热舒适性
质量流量
高效能源利用
工程类
MATLAB语言
模拟
计算机科学
控制工程
机械工程
空调
电能
电气工程
功率(物理)
物理
操作系统
热力学
量子力学
作者
Claudia Naldi,Matteo Dongellini,Gian Luca Morini,Eugenia Rossi di Schio
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.enbuild.2023.112969
摘要
The optimization of energy consumption in buildings’ HVAC systems plays a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. In new and deeply-renovated buildings, characterized by modulating terminal units and aiming at the maximum exploitation of renewables, an accurate hydraulic balance of the distribution network may become critical, resulting in a significant increase of pumping energy consumptions and a deterioration of indoor thermal comfort conditions. In the present paper, we compare the performance of traditional manual balancing valves and new pressure independent control valves (PICVs), used to balance the hydronic loop of HVAC systems. To perform this analysis, a new MATLAB-Simulink model has been specifically developed to simulate the behavior of PICVs and has been used in an application case study. The efficiency of manual and pressure independent control valves is evaluated numerically by simulating a multi-zone distribution network under variable operating conditions and considering different control strategies of the circulating pump. Results show that in off-design conditions, when some of the branches of the hydraulic network are closed, traditional manual balancing valves are not able to guarantee the nominal mass flow rate in the remaining loops. On the contrary, no significant variations of water mass flow rate are observed when PICVs are adopted, even in partial load conditions. Despite their additional cost, PICVs allow to ensure better indoor thermal comfort sensations for individuals, avoiding under/over-heating of rooms and, moreover, yield a decrease of the pump electric consumption with respect to traditional manual balancing valves. In addition, based on the obtained results, general rules concerning the adoption of PICVs are provided, depending on the extension of the hydraulic loop and the adopted pump control logic. The reported results highlight the role that PICVs can play to ensure energy savings in HVAC systems without penalizing users’ indoor comfort conditions.
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