Enhancement of the conversion efficiency of soft x-ray by colliding gold plasmas

A new scheme is proposed to enhance the conversion efficiency (CE) of soft x-rays (0.1–1.5 keV) generated by irradiating a double-gold-foil target using double laser pulses to collide gold plasmas. A detailed analysis of the hydrodynamic evolution of the colliding plasmas is performed by using one-dimensional radiation hydrodynamic simulations. The results show that the total soft x-ray CE can be enhanced up to 71.5% by setting the foil thickness as d1 = 0.3 μm, and this is 14.5% higher than that for a single laser irradiating a single-gold-foil target. Most of the enhanced soft x-ray CEs are generated from a stagnation layer formed by plasma collisions. Such a scheme is simple and practical, which is beneficial for their applications in astrophysical opacity calculations, inertial confinement fusion, and hydrodynamic instability analyses.