Candidate genes of empty sella

Empty sella (ES) is a condition characterized by arachnoid herniation into the sellar fossa which leads to flattening of the pituitary gland against the sellar floor. Besides endocrine disturbances, patients with ESS may also have neuropsychiatric symptoms such as headache, dizziness, seizures, schizophrenia. Typically, ES is not inherited. However, due to the advent of new methods of brain imaging and molecular genetics, the perspective on the genetics of ESS has been changing. The aim of this study is to analyze genome-wide association studies of candidate genes related to the development of ESS in humans. Based on the available studies which have been analyzed, all candidate genes of ESS were divided into 4 groups: group 1 - candidate genes related to ESS, group 2 - candidate genes related to pathways of ESS, group 3 - candidate genes related to cellular components of ESS, group 4 - candidate genes related to biological processes of ESS.