The state-of-the-art study on durability of FRP reinforced concrete with seawater and sea sand

Increasingly shortage of river sand and fresh water has prompted the construction industry to use seawater sea sand concrete (SSC). The construction industry selected fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars to replace steel bars due to its excellent corrosion resistance . However, after long-term service in an alkaline environment or a humid environment , FRP reinforced seawater sea sand concrete (FRP-SSC) will be degraded as well. This paper provides an overview of characteristics and degradation of the SSC and FRP, the bonding performance of FRP bars embedded in SSC, and the mechanical performance evolution of FRP-SSC beams and columns. The combination of SSC with 3D printing concrete and the replacement of natural coarse aggregate with recycled coarse aggregate are also proposed as future research needs. As summarized in this investigation, the current research provides a solid foundation for the further development in this field, which can promote the widely acceptance and application of FRP-SSC materials and structures. •The degradation of FRP mechanical property in various environments is overviewed. •Degradation of the bonding performance between FRP and SSC is investigated. •The mechanical properties and durability of FRP-SSC beams and columns are discussed.