过电位
锂(药物)
电解质
法拉第效率
化学
电化学
无机化学
氧化物
双功能
氧化还原
氧气
催化作用
阴极
电极
物理化学
有机化学
内分泌学
医学
作者
Chun Xia,Chun Yuen Kwok,Linda F. Nazar
出处
期刊:Science
[American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)]
日期:2018-08-24
卷期号:361 (6404): 777-781
被引量:344
标识
DOI:10.1126/science.aas9343
摘要
Lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries have attracted much attention owing to the high theoretical energy density afforded by the two-electron reduction of O2 to lithium peroxide (Li2O2). We report an inorganic-electrolyte Li-O2 cell that cycles at an elevated temperature via highly reversible four-electron redox to form crystalline lithium oxide (Li2O). It relies on a bifunctional metal oxide host that catalyzes O-O bond cleavage on discharge, yielding a high capacity of 11 milliampere-hours per square centimeter, and O2 evolution on charge with very low overpotential. Online mass spectrometry and chemical quantification confirm that oxidation of Li2O involves transfer of exactly 4 e-/O2 This work shows that Li-O2 electrochemistry is not intrinsically limited once problems of electrolyte, superoxide, and cathode host are overcome and that coulombic efficiency close to 100% can be achieved.
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