Recovery of lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries using manganese oxide-based lithium ion-sieve adsorbent

The need for lithium is growing quickly due to the rapid development of technology for energy storage systems and electric vehicles, which is driving the development of technologies to recycle lithium from lithium-ion batteries. In order to recover lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries, this research aimed to use a hydrometallurgical process based on an environmentally friendly leaching technique followed by lithium-ion sieve adsorption. Following battery pretreatment, the leaching efficiency of cathode active materials with 1.5 M citric acid and 2%v H2O2 at 95°C, a solid/liquid ratio of 20 g/L for 20 minutes was achieved with 94.23% Li, 98.45% Co, 89.16% Mn, and 87.89% Ni. H1.6Mn1.6O4 adsorbent was synthesized by the hydrothermal method. In addition, the effect of adsorption parameters such as contact time, pH, and initial concentration on the performance of H1.6Mn1.6O4 was evaluated. The maximum Li adsorption capacity under conditions of pH = 10.0, t = 12 h, 0.1 g adsorbent, and an initial concentration of 147.8 ppm was obtained 64.6 mg/g. Finally, the kinetic parameters of adsorption and adsorption isotherms were investigated to identify the mechanism of adsorption. The pseudo-second-order, Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin models provided a good confirmation of the lithium adsorption mechanism.