微泡
外体
抗药性
肿瘤微环境
癌症研究
流出
癌细胞
机制(生物学)
癌症
小RNA
生物
信号转导
细胞生物学
肿瘤细胞
基因
遗传学
哲学
认识论
出处
期刊:Nanomedicine
日期:2017-09-01
卷期号:12 (17): 2137-2148
被引量:60
标识
DOI:10.2217/nnm-2017-0184
摘要
Drug resistance in cancer cells remains a fundamental challenge. Be it nontargeted or targeted drugs, the presence of intrinsic or acquired cancer cell resistance remains a great obstacle in chemotherapy. Conventionally, a spectrum of cellular mechanisms defines drug resistance including overexpression of antiapoptotic proteins and drug efflux pumps, mutations in target and synergistic activation of prosurvival pathways in tumor cells. In addition to these well-studied routes, exosome-induced chemoresistance is emerging as a novel mechanism. Mechanistically, exosomes impart resistance by direct drug export, transport of drug efflux pumps and miRNAs exchange among cells. Moreover, exosome signaling creates 'therapeutic tumor heterogeneity' and favorably condition tumor microenvironment. Here, we discuss exosomes' role in chemoresistance and possibilities of developing novel therapeutic strategies.
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