857 plant miRNAs were used to search 27546 Physcomitrella patens mRNAs with PatScan for complementary hits.162 miRNA families had potential targets in P.patens.The number of targets and the position in miRNA co-regulation network simultaneously indicated that miR482 and miR1168 may play crucial roles in P.patens.52 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii specific miRNAs having targets in P.patens suggested the moss occupied a unique phylogenetic position from algae to seeding plants.