细胞外基质
糖胺聚糖
内皮
化学
蛋白多糖
细胞生物学
透明质酸
动脉壁
细胞外
炎症
生物化学
生物
免疫学
医学
解剖
内科学
内分泌学
作者
Manuela Viola,Evgenia Karousou,Maria Luisa D’Angelo,Paola Moretto,Ilaria Caon,Giancarlo De Luca,Alberto Passi,Davide Vigetti
标识
DOI:10.2174/0929867323666160607104602
摘要
Background: Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the blood vessel wall, is the most common cause of cardiovascular pathologies. Hyaluronan, the major polysaccharide involved in this process, plays a pivotal role acting as a modulator of all inflammatory stages, affecting the behavior of both endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Objective: The inflammatory condition is the main reason of the increased deposition of extracellular matrix, that in turn, traps lipoproteins and inflammatory/growth factors from the circulation within the vessel wall and thicken the arterial wall. Therefore, this chronic condition that continuously affects the arterial walls in a specific area causes a severe remodeling of the tissue architecture and a drastic change in the resident cell behavior. Methods: Because of the great complexity of the extracellular matrix in the arterial wall, we investigate the modification in the different layers of the vessels with a particular attention to hyaluronan and proteoglycans and to the events that affects their normal turnover. Results: Hyaluronan, the major polysaccharide involved in this process, plays a pivotal role acting as a modulator of all inflammatory stages, affecting the behavior of both endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Moreover, glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans had been shown to change during the lesion progression, and to possess the chemical features essential for lipid retention, immune system activation, smooth cells proliferation and macrophages recruitment. Conclusion: The ECM characteristics should be investigated in order to understand their prevention potentials as well as their negative impact on the onset of the disease. Keywords: Hyaluronan, atherosclerosis, endothelium, tunica intima, proteoglycans.
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