Efficient photocatalytic H2 production and ofloxacin degradation based on heterodimensional Z-scheme P-C3N4/MIL-88A(Fe) heterojunctions

The production of effective photocatalyst to generate H2 and eliminate pollutants is still a challenge. A simple solvothermal approach is demonstrated for synthesizing a coupled P-C3N4/MIL-88A(Fe) composite wherein two-dimensional phosphorus-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets are attached to three-dimensional MIL-88A. The P-CN/MIL-88A composite shows superior photocatalytic ability with a high hydrogen generation rate of 34.53 mmol/(g·h) and an ofloxacin degradation rate of 95.6%. The H2 evolution rate of the composite is approximately 38.3 times that of bulk g-C3N4 (B-CN). The enhancement mechanisms resulting in high efficiency and adaptability are attributed to the Z-scheme (2D/3D) P-CN/MIL-88A heterojunction, which has unique synergistic interface properties, good photoinduced electron mobility, and good electron-hole pair separation ability. This work provides insights into the design of 2D/3D heterostructure photocatalysts for highly efficient and simultaneous photocatalytic H2 production and antibiotic degradation.