LEAD TOLERANT DYNAMICS OF KENAF (HIBISCUS CANNABINUS L,) AND MESTA (HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA L.) AT GERMINATION STAGE

Efforts were given to evaluate the lead (Pb) tolerant dynamics of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L,) and mesta (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) varieties at germination stage against high levels of Pb toxicity. Six levels of Pb viz. 0, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 mg Pb L–1 were applied to the germination medium of kenaf (var. HC–95, HC–3, HC–2)and mesta varieties (var. Samu–93 and VM–1). Results showed significant reduction of germination, root and shoot growth, fresh and dry biomass production due to elevated levels of Pb. With respect to germination, kenaf HC–95 and HC–2 were more dynamic to tolerate Pb than kenaf HC–3, mesta Samu–93 and VM–1. Seed germination of mesta Samu–93 and VM–1 were affected at elevated concentrations of Pb and degenerated just after sprouting. At higher levels of Pb, the kenaf and mesta seedlings showed some deformities like twisting, curling, discoloring and growth stunting. Pb contents were increased in seedlings with the increasing of Pb treatment. Highest Pb was accumulated by kenaf HC–2 (19492±239 mg kg–1) at highest treatment. Maximum amount of Pb (4.45±0.40 mg petridish–1) was uptaken by kenaf HC–95 followed by kenaf HC–3. It is concluded that the degree of Pb tolerant dynamics was kenaf HC–95>kenaf HC–3>kenaf HC–2>mesta Samu–93 >mesta VM–1. The research findings will be helpful for selecting kenaf and mesta varieties for grown in Pb contaminated soil and phytoremediation of Pb contaminated site.