Efficacy of intravenous versus intraperitoneal lidocaine for postoperative analgesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Intravenous lidocaine is superior to intraperitoneal lidocaine instillation and placebo in reducing postoperative analgesic requirement and visceral pain within the first six hours. Intravenous infusion is a simple and reliable method for reducing abdominal pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.