Hierarchical self-assembly and packing models of dipalladium(II,II)-based metallacapsules and metallacages based on amide-functionalized multi-pyrazoles

Two types of metal–organic capsule and cage based on dipalladium(II) corners, have been synthesized by π···π interactions and metal-coordination-driven hierarchical self-assembly approach, which are extended into 2D supramolecular networks by the π···π packing and other weak intermolecular interactions. • Two types of metal–organic capsule and cage based on dipalladium(II) corners have been synthesized by π···π interactions and metal-coordination-driven hierarchical self-assembly approach. • The 2D supramolecular networks are contructed by the π···π packing and other weak intermolecular interactions. Hierarchical self-assembly of novel supramolecular networks has attracted considerable attention. Herein we report the design and synthesis of pyrene-based metallacapsules and metallacages via π···π interactions and a metal-coordination-driven hierarchical self-assembly approach. These metal–organic structures built from diamide- and triamide-based multi-pyrazolyl ligands and dipalladium(II,II) corners are extended into 2-D supramolecular networks by π···π packing and other weak intermolecular interactions.