LONG-TERM PROGRESSION PATTERN OF MYOPIC TRACTIONAL MACULOPATHY

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the long-term progression pattern of myopic tractional maculopathy (MTM) and the risk factors. Methods: The prevalence and grade of MTM were assessed with OCT at enrollment and at 2-year follow up. The severity of posterior staphyloma (PS) and presence of dome-shaped macula (DSM) was also evaluated. Results: Totally 610 highly myopic eyes of 610 patients were analyzed. The prevalence of epiretinal membrane (ERM), myopic retinoschisis (MS) and macular hole (MH) increased from 26.7%, 12.1% and 4.4% at enrollment to 41.1%, 18.2% and 9.5% at 2-year follow up, respectively. ERM progressed in 21.8% of eyes, but visual acuity (VA) did not decline significantly in these eyes. MS progressed in 6.8% of eyes, and MH progressed in 14.8% of eyes. Significantly greater BCVA reduction was detected in the eyes with MS or MH progression than the rest (p<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed longer axial length (AL), more-severe PS and absence of DSM were associated with MTM progression. Conclusion: In highly myopic eyes, long-term VA was relatively stable in those with ERM, but was significantly affected by MS or MH progression. Longer AL, more-severe PS and absence of DSM were risk factors for MTM progression.